De Dombal F T, Horrocks J C, Staniland J R, Gill P W
Br Med J. 1971 Jun 5;2(5761):575-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5761.575.
This paper presents a comparison between three different modes of simulation of the diagnostic process-a computer-based system, a verbal mode, and a further mode in which cards were selected from a large board. A total of 34 subjects worked through a series of 444 diagnostic simulations.The verbal mode was found to be most enjoyable and realistic. At the board, considerable amounts of extra irrelevant data were selected. At the computer, the users asked the same questions every time, whether or not they were relevant to the particular diagnosis. They also found the teletype distracting, noisy, and slow.The need for an acceptable simulation system remains, and at present our Minisim and verbal modes are proving useful in training junior clinical students. Future simulators should be flexible, economical, and acceptably realistic-and to us this latter criterion implies the two-way use of speech. We are currently developing and testing such a system.
本文介绍了诊断过程的三种不同模拟模式之间的比较——基于计算机的系统、口头模式,以及从一大张卡片板上挑选卡片的另一种模式。共有34名受试者完成了一系列444次诊断模拟。结果发现口头模式最有趣且最逼真。在卡片板模式下,人们选择了大量额外的无关数据。在计算机模式下,用户每次都会问同样的问题,无论这些问题是否与特定诊断相关。他们还觉得电传打字机很让人分心、噪音大且速度慢。仍然需要一个可接受的模拟系统,目前我们的迷你模拟模式和口头模式在培训低年级临床学生方面证明是有用的。未来的模拟器应该灵活、经济且具有可接受的逼真度——对我们来说,后一个标准意味着语音的双向使用。我们目前正在开发和测试这样一个系统。