Miller R R, Kraus J N
J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1977 Apr;91(2):434-42. doi: 10.1037/h0077326.
Autonomic response indexes of experimental amnesia have recently been found to have higher electroconvulsive shock (ECS) intensity thresholds and steeper retrograde gradients than have traditional somatic indexes. The present studies examined the hypothesis that recovery from somatically indexed experimental amnesia depends upon the existence of autonomically available residual memory. In a between-subjects design, a 200-mA ECS was used to produce amnesia for a tone-footshock pairing as indicated by lick suppression, defection, and bradycardia. The next day, these amnesic animals received a reminder footshock outside of the training apparatus, which was found to restore memory on a test trial 24 hr later. The behavior of control groups indicated that this reminder effect was due to the restoration of specific memory rather than systemic consequences of treatment. With a within-subjects design, a second experiment obtained a reminder effect in animals individually shown to be "fully" amnesic by all three response indexes monitored. A third experiment varied the intensity of the reminder footshock and revealed that the different memory indexes examined do not have reminder-footshock thresholds inversely related to their initial resistance to amnesia. The results support a retrieval-failure view of experimental amnesia and suggest that the same fundamental physiological processes underlie both autonomically indexed memory and somatically indexed memory.
最近发现，实验性失忆症的自主反应指标比传统的躯体指标具有更高的电惊厥休克（ECS）强度阈值和更陡的逆行梯度。本研究检验了以下假设：从躯体指标所指示的实验性失忆症中恢复取决于自主可用的残余记忆的存在。在一项被试间设计中，使用200毫安的电惊厥休克来产生对音调-足部电击配对的失忆症，这通过舔舐抑制、排便和心动过缓来表明。第二天，这些失忆动物在训练装置外接受一次提示性足部电击，结果发现在24小时后的测试试验中记忆得以恢复。对照组的行为表明，这种提示效应是由于特定记忆的恢复，而非治疗的全身性后果。在一项被试内设计中，第二个实验在通过所监测的所有三个反应指标单独显示为“完全”失忆的动物中获得了提示效应。第三个实验改变了提示性足部电击的强度，结果表明所检测的不同记忆指标的提示性足部电击阈值与其最初对失忆症的抵抗力并非呈反比关系。这些结果支持了实验性失忆症的检索失败观点，并表明自主指标记忆和躯体指标记忆都基于相同的基本生理过程。
