Chirigos M A, Schultz R M
Cancer Res. 1979 Jul;39(7 Pt 2):2894-8.
Alcohol appears to exert a depressive effect on host immunity. Animal models useful in studying immune responsiveness in cancer research are discussed, which could be of value in studying the effect of alcoholism. Allogeneic tumor grafts are poorly rejected in immunosuppressed mice. Of the four major cellular elements of the immune system, the macrophage appears to have a critical role in immune surveillance. Several conditions occur which abrogate or restrict the tumoricidal activity of macrophages. Stress induced by physical restraint results in depressed macrophage activation. The tumoricidal activation induced in macrophages by interferon was markedly depressed in the presence of the corticosteroids, hydrocortisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone. In addition, prostaglandins (PGE1 and PGE2) also were found to decrease interferon activation of macrophages. Since immune deficiency is a trait of alcoholism and cancer, animal models with defined, measurable, immunological parameters would be useful in studying the effect of alcohol on cellular immunity.
酒精似乎对宿主免疫有抑制作用。文中讨论了在癌症研究中用于研究免疫反应性的动物模型，这可能对研究酗酒的影响有价值。在免疫抑制的小鼠中，同种异体肿瘤移植很难被排斥。在免疫系统的四大主要细胞成分中，巨噬细胞似乎在免疫监视中起关键作用。有几种情况会消除或限制巨噬细胞的杀肿瘤活性。身体束缚引起的应激会导致巨噬细胞激活受到抑制。在皮质类固醇、氢化可的松、泼尼松和地塞米松存在的情况下，干扰素诱导的巨噬细胞杀肿瘤激活明显受到抑制。此外，还发现前列腺素（PGE1和PGE2）也会降低巨噬细胞的干扰素激活。由于免疫缺陷是酗酒和癌症的一个特征，具有明确、可测量免疫参数的动物模型将有助于研究酒精对细胞免疫的影响。
