Keyes P L, Yuh K C, Miller J B
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1979;112:447-63. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3474-3_51.
The luteotropic action of estradiol has been studied in the rabbit and rat, and it is proposed that in both species, estradiol may be the "ultimate" luteotropic hormone. The acute dependence of the rabbit corpus luteum upon estradiol is illustrated by the rapid decline in serum progesterone after withdrawal of estradiol (removal of Silastic implant containing 17 beta-estradiol) and by the restoration of serum progesterone to normal values when the estradiol implant is replaced 24 hours later. The identification and characterization of a cytoplasmic and nuclear estrogen receptor in the rabbit corpus luteum and the translocation of the cytoplasmic receptor suggest that estradiol may be acting as it does in other estrogen target tissues. The administration of LH antiserum in pregnant rats causes rapid decreases in luteal estradiol and serum progesterone concentrations, which can be prevented by the administration of low doses of testosterone. This luteotropic effect of testosterone is attributed to an action of estradiol which is formed within the corpus luteum via the luteal aromatase. The rabbit corpus luteum, which has no aromatase, is totally dependent upon estradiol produced by the ovarian follicles and LH is essential to maintain follicular estradiol synthesis. The rat corpus luteum, which is rich in aromatase activity, may produce its own estrogen from an androgen precursor synthesized within the luteal tissue. The essential role of LH may be the stimulation of the synthesis of androgen precursor. As a working hypothesis it is proposed that in these two species LH is necessary to stimulate the synthesis of estradiol which then acts to sustain progesterone secretion.
已在兔和大鼠中研究了雌二醇的促黄体作用，并且有人提出，在这两个物种中，雌二醇可能是“最终的”促黄体激素。兔黄体对雌二醇的急性依赖性表现为，去除雌二醇（取出含17β - 雌二醇的硅橡胶植入物）后血清孕酮迅速下降，以及24小时后重新植入雌二醇植入物时血清孕酮恢复到正常值。在兔黄体中鉴定和表征细胞质和细胞核雌激素受体以及细胞质受体的易位表明，雌二醇可能与它在其他雌激素靶组织中的作用方式相同。给妊娠大鼠注射促黄体生成素抗血清会导致黄体雌二醇和血清孕酮浓度迅速下降，而低剂量睾酮的给药可以预防这种情况。睾酮的这种促黄体作用归因于雌二醇的作用，雌二醇是通过黄体芳香化酶在黄体内形成的。没有芳香化酶的兔黄体完全依赖于卵巢卵泡产生的雌二醇，促黄体生成素对于维持卵泡雌二醇合成至关重要。富含芳香化酶活性的大鼠黄体可能从黄体组织内合成的雄激素前体产生自身的雌激素。促黄体生成素的重要作用可能是刺激雄激素前体的合成。作为一个工作假设，有人提出在这两个物种中，促黄体生成素对于刺激雌二醇的合成是必要的，然后雌二醇作用于维持孕酮分泌。
