Eaves L
Heredity (Edinb). 1979 Dec;43(3):399-409. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1979.90.
The simulations illustrated show that a plausible model for mate selection can generate data on the similarity of twins and their spouses which are remarkably consistent with a transitive model for the effects of mate selection. This is, biological considerations impose constraints upon the relative values of correlations which are not foreseen, for example, by the some advocates of conventional path models although they might be predicted by common sense. In particular, the correlation between the spouses of twins is expected to be non-zero under a model of phenotypic assortment and turns out to be approximately equal to the product of the twin correlation and the square of the marital correlation. The relative magnitudes of the correlations derived from an empirical study of such relationships should enable models of phenotypic assortment to be tested more rigorously. Including both identical and non-identical twins in the sample studied should permit the inherited and cultural components of the mating system to be identified with more conviction. In the event of one sex playing a more significant role in mate selection for particular traits, such studies should reveal diagnostic patterns of familial correlations as long as male and female twins and their spouses are analysed separately. If the analysis is restricted to phenotypic correlations of the parents, the qualitative findings do not appear to be greatly affected by selection due to assortative mating although a reduction in variance is to be expected if a large proportion of individuals is unable to mate. In such cases twins will also be significantly concordant for mating. The consequences of such varied regimes of assortation for the population structure and the relationship between traits in subsequent generations remain the object of future inquiry.
所示的模拟表明，一个合理的配偶选择模型能够生成关于双胞胎及其配偶相似性的数据，这些数据与配偶选择效应的传递模型非常一致。也就是说，生物学因素对相关性的相对值施加了一些传统路径模型的某些支持者未曾预见的限制，尽管这些限制可能可以通过常识预测出来。特别是，在表型分类模型下，双胞胎配偶之间的相关性预计不为零，并且结果大约等于双胞胎相关性与婚姻相关性平方的乘积。通过对这类关系进行实证研究得出的相关性相对大小，应该能够更严格地检验表型分类模型。在研究样本中纳入同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎，应该能够更有把握地确定交配系统中遗传和文化的组成部分。如果某一性别在特定性状的配偶选择中发挥更重要的作用，只要分别分析男性和女性双胞胎及其配偶，这类研究应该能够揭示家族相关性的诊断模式。如果分析仅限于父母的表型相关性，定性结果似乎不会受到选型交配选择的太大影响，不过如果很大一部分个体无法交配，预计方差会减小。在这种情况下，双胞胎在交配方面也会表现出显著的一致性。这种不同分类方式对种群结构以及后代性状之间关系的影响，仍然是未来研究的对象。
