肺提取物的脂肪酸组成与表面活性的关系。

The relationship of fatty acid composition and surface activity of lung extracts.

作者信息

Burnell J M, Kyriakides E C, Edmonds R H, Balint J A

出版信息

Respir Physiol. 1978 Feb;32(2):195-206. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(78)90109-3.

Abstract

Male weanling rats were fed fat-free diets supplemented with 4% (w/w) safflower oil (control) or 4% tripalmitin (essential fatty acid (EFA) deficient) for 14 weeks. Whereas the amount of lecithin in lung lavage material remained unchanged, lung lavage lecithin from EFA-deficient rats contained significantly less palmitic acid (61.4 +/- 2.0% vs. 77.4 +/- 5.8%, P less than 0.01) than that from controls. Surface tension vs. area hysteresis loops were obtained for total lipid extracts (TLE) of lung lavage fluid, intra- and extra-cellular lipoprotein fractions (IBI and IBE) and lipid extracts of those lipoprotein fractions (LBI and LBE). A significant increase in minimal surface tension (gammamin) was found for all samples obtained from EFA-deficient rats as compared to controls. Refeeding of diets containing safflower oil for 7-14 days reversed these changes. Air pressure-volume curves on degassed, excised lungs indicated that greater pressure is required to maintain a given lung volume in EFA-deficient rats. These results support the hypothesis that the fatty acid composition of pulmonary surfactant lecithins is a major determinant of the surface activity of lung extracts.

摘要

雄性断乳大鼠分别喂食补充了4%（w/w）红花油（对照组）或4%三棕榈酸甘油酯（必需脂肪酸（EFA）缺乏组）的无脂饮食14周。虽然肺灌洗材料中卵磷脂的含量保持不变，但EFA缺乏组大鼠的肺灌洗卵磷脂中棕榈酸的含量（61.4±2.0%对77.4±5.8%，P<0.01）明显低于对照组。对肺灌洗流体的总脂质提取物（TLE）、细胞内和细胞外脂蛋白组分（IBI和IBE）以及这些脂蛋白组分的脂质提取物（LBI和LBE）进行了表面张力与面积滞后环的测定。与对照组相比，从EFA缺乏组大鼠获得的所有样品的最小表面张力（γmin）均显著增加。重新喂食含红花油的饮食7-14天可逆转这些变化。对脱气后的离体肺进行气压-容积曲线测定表明，EFA缺乏组大鼠维持给定肺容积需要更大的压力。这些结果支持了以下假设：肺表面活性物质卵磷脂的脂肪酸组成是肺提取物表面活性的主要决定因素。