Winocour P D, Turner M R, Taylor T G, Munday K A
Thromb Haemost. 1978 Apr 30;39(2):346-59.
A major limitation to single-cell protein (SCP) as a human food is its high nucleic acid content, the purine moiety of which is metabolised to uric acid. Rats given a Fusarium mould as a source of SCP in diets containing oxonate, a uricase inhibitor, showed elevated plasma and kidney uric acid concentrations after 21 d, which were related to the level of dietary mould. ADP-induced and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was greater in the hyperuricaemic rats than in controls and a progressive increase in aggregation with increasing levels of dietary mould was observed. Furthermore a time-lag, exceeding the life-span of rat platelets, was observed between the development of hyperuricaemia and the increase in aggregation. A similar time-lag was observed between the lowering of the hyperuricaemia and the reduction of platelet aggregation when oxonate was removed from the diet. If human platelets react to uric acid in the same manner as rat platelets this might explain the link that has been suggested between hyperuricaemia and ischaemic heart disease. In that event diets high in nucleic acids might be contra-indicated in people at risk from ischaemic heart disease. In rats given a low protein diet (50 g casein/kg) for 21 d ADP-induced and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and whole blood platelet count were reduced compared with control animals receiving 200 g casein/kg diet but not in rats given 90 or 130 g casein/kg diet. A study of the time course on this effect indicated that the reduction both in aggregation tendency and in whole blood platelet count occurred after 4 d of feeding the low protein diet. These values were further reduced with time.
单细胞蛋白（SCP）作为人类食物的一个主要限制因素是其核酸含量高，其中嘌呤部分会代谢为尿酸。在含有尿酸酶抑制剂氧嗪酸钾的日粮中，给大鼠喂食镰刀菌霉菌作为SCP来源，21天后大鼠血浆和肾脏中的尿酸浓度升高，这与日粮中霉菌的含量有关。高尿酸血症大鼠中，由二磷酸腺苷（ADP）诱导和凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集比对照组更明显，并且随着日粮中霉菌含量的增加，聚集反应逐渐增强。此外，在高尿酸血症的发展和聚集增加之间观察到一个超过大鼠血小板寿命的时间延迟。当从日粮中去除氧嗪酸钾时，在高尿酸血症降低和血小板聚集减少之间也观察到类似的时间延迟。如果人类血小板对尿酸的反应与大鼠血小板相同，这可能解释了高尿酸血症与缺血性心脏病之间的关联。在这种情况下，对于有缺血性心脏病风险的人群，高核酸饮食可能是禁忌的。给大鼠喂食21天低蛋白日粮（50 g酪蛋白/kg），与接受200 g酪蛋白/kg日粮的对照动物相比，ADP诱导和凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集以及全血血小板计数降低，但喂食90或130 g酪蛋白/kg日粮的大鼠没有这种情况。对这种效应的时间进程研究表明，在喂食低蛋白日粮4天后，聚集倾向和全血血小板计数均降低。随着时间的推移，这些值进一步降低。
