Kalina R E
Ophthalmology. 1979 Oct;86(10):1690-4. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(79)35331-3.
Ophthalmoscopic examination of the premature infant requires binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, use of an eyelid speculum, and wide pupillary dilatation. Normal and pathologic features unique to the infant eye often are encountered. Familiarity with these features is essential for accurate diagnosis and prevention of unnecessary therapeutic intervention. Supplemental oxygen is the mainstay of supportive therapy for idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, a common cause for morbidity in premature infants. Arterial oxygen monitoring is essential for survival and for prevention of retrolental fibroplasia, but precise arterial oxygen levels associated with development of retrolental fibroplasia have not been established.
对早产儿进行检眼镜检查需要双目间接检眼镜、眼睑撑开器的使用以及充分的瞳孔散大。常常会遇到婴儿眼睛特有的正常和病理特征。熟悉这些特征对于准确诊断和避免不必要的治疗干预至关重要。补充氧气是特发性呼吸窘迫综合征支持治疗的主要手段，特发性呼吸窘迫综合征是早产儿发病的常见原因。动脉血氧监测对于存活以及预防晶状体后纤维增生症至关重要，但尚未确定与晶状体后纤维增生症发生相关的精确动脉血氧水平。
