Harada K, Gidoh S, Tsutsumi S
Microsc Acta. 1976 Mar;78(1):21-7.
Acid fast staining of mycobacteria in the form of beadings is obtained by means of a carbolfuchsin solution (Ziehl-Neelsen stain) prepared from pararosaniline or from certain kinds of basic fuchsin. After such acid-fast stains, the intensity of the bacilli's colouring was rather poor and unstable, so that some bacilli lost their acid-fast stain. In contrast, an acid-fast staining of mycobacteria in rod form results by using a carbolfuchsin prepared from rosaniline or from other basic fuchsins included new fuchsin. The spectrophotometric and thin-layer chromatographic data indicate that the main component of those basic fuchsins showing beady staining may be pararosaniline, whereas the main ingredient of basic fuchsin with staining the bacteria in rod form may be its higher homologues. Neither chloride nor acetate of the fuchsin could affect the appearance and number of stained bacilli. The commercially available "basic fuchsin" is either the chloride or acetate of pure pararosaniline or consists of variable mixtures of it with higher homologues. Consequently, only a basic fuchsin which has an absorption maximum at lambda greater than or equal to 552 nm could be employed for the acid-fast stain of mycobacteria in a stable manner. Pararosaniline included some basic fuchsins, composed mainly from pararosaniline, should not be selected for the preparation of the carbolfuchsin formula.
通过由副蔷薇苯胺或某些碱性品红制备的石炭酸品红溶液（齐-尼氏染色法）可获得呈串珠状的分枝杆菌抗酸染色。经过这种抗酸染色后，杆菌的着色强度相当差且不稳定，以至于一些杆菌失去了抗酸染色。相比之下，使用由蔷薇苯胺或包括新红在内的其他碱性品红制备的石炭酸品红可得到杆状分枝杆菌的抗酸染色。分光光度法和薄层色谱数据表明，那些显示串珠状染色的碱性品红的主要成分可能是副蔷薇苯胺，而使细菌呈杆状染色的碱性品红的主要成分可能是其高级同系物。品红的氯化物或醋酸盐均不会影响染色杆菌的外观和数量。市售的“碱性品红”要么是纯副蔷薇苯胺的氯化物或醋酸盐，要么是它与高级同系物的可变混合物。因此，只有在波长大于或等于552nm处有最大吸收的碱性品红才能稳定地用于分枝杆菌的抗酸染色。包括一些主要由副蔷薇苯胺组成且不应被选用于制备石炭酸品红配方的碱性品红。
