Lloyd G A
Clin Radiol. 1977 Nov;28(6):583-93. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9260(77)80033-0.
New methods of soft tissue imaging have revolutionised the investigation of the orbit. The impact of CT scanning and ultrasonography is considered in relationship to established techniques including angiography. The importance of plain X-ray examination and conventional tomography is stressed for the exclusion of non-orbital causes of exophthalmos. In the orbit CT scanning is the best method of establishing the presence of a mass lesion; ultrasonography is useful principally for the investigation of optic nerve problems. Venography is still required in most patients to diagnose and establish the extent of a venous malformation in the orbit; it also has an important part to play in the diagnosis of inflammatory processes. Carotid angiography is now only required in patients with highly vascular orbital tumours, or with suspected arteriovenous anomalies. Plain X-ray examination, CT scanning and venography are regarded as the dominant investigations with conventional tomography, ultrasound, and arteriography playing a subsidiary role.
软组织成像的新方法彻底改变了眼眶的检查方式。将CT扫描和超声检查的影响与包括血管造影在内的既定技术相关联进行了考量。强调了普通X线检查和传统体层摄影对于排除眼球突出的非眼眶病因的重要性。在眼眶检查中，CT扫描是确定是否存在肿块病变的最佳方法；超声检查主要用于视神经问题的检查。大多数患者仍需要进行静脉造影以诊断和确定眼眶静脉畸形的范围；它在炎症性疾病的诊断中也起着重要作用。现在只有患有高血供眼眶肿瘤或疑似动静脉畸形的患者才需要进行颈动脉造影。普通X线检查、CT扫描和静脉造影被视为主要的检查方法，而传统体层摄影、超声检查和动脉造影则起辅助作用。
