Knoop U
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd (1902). 1977 Nov;125(11):901-7.
Generally the severe attack of asthma can be diagnosed without problems. Before the beginning of treatment a short history should be taken, laboratory tests should be started and a chest X-ray be ordered. The administered drugs are supposed to treat the obstruction of the airways. The inspissated endotracheal secretions are liquified and mobilised by a consequent intravenous therapy. A selective beta-2-receptor stimulans and xanthines are administered to relax the bronchospasm. In severe cases glucocorticoids are given at the same time to diminish the inflammatory edema of the bronchiolar mucosa. Antibiotics are only used if indicated, nor routinely. Sedatives should be administered very cautiously.
一般来说，哮喘的严重发作不难诊断。在开始治疗前，应获取简短病史，开始实验室检查并安排胸部X光检查。所使用的药物旨在治疗气道阻塞。通过后续的静脉治疗使黏稠的气管分泌物液化并排出。给予选择性β-2受体激动剂和黄嘌呤类药物以缓解支气管痉挛。在严重病例中，同时给予糖皮质激素以减轻细支气管黏膜的炎性水肿。抗生素仅在有指征时使用，而非常规使用。镇静剂的使用应非常谨慎。
