Rittenberg M B, Pinney C T, Iglewski B H
Infect Immun. 1976 Jul;14(1):122-8. doi: 10.1128/iai.14.1.122-128.1976.
We used the mouse to produce antisera to native diphtheria toxin and diphtheria toxoid. With these antisera it was possible to distinguish between toxin and toxoid. By gel diffusion analysis, antitoxin detected antigenic determinants on toxin which were not available on toxoid, indicating that some determinants had been lost or altered by formalin treatment. Antitoxoid, on the other hand, showed reactions of identity between toxin and toxoid in gel diffusion. The toxin neutralization titers measured in tissue culture were the same for both antisera. Only antitoxin neutralized the adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribosyl-transferase activity of fragment A, but suprisingly both antisera had significant anti-fragment A titers when tested by passive hemagglutination. It is suggested that some of the anti-fragment A activity in antitoxin affects the enzyme active site, whereas that in antitoxoid does not, implying the existence of a least two independent antigenic regions on fragment A.
我们用小鼠制备了针对天然白喉毒素和白喉类毒素的抗血清。利用这些抗血清能够区分毒素和类毒素。通过凝胶扩散分析，抗毒素检测到毒素上存在而类毒素上不存在的抗原决定簇，这表明某些决定簇在福尔马林处理过程中已丢失或改变。另一方面，抗类毒素在凝胶扩散中显示出毒素和类毒素之间的同一性反应。在组织培养中测得的两种抗血清的毒素中和效价相同。只有抗毒素能中和片段A的腺苷5'-二磷酸核糖基转移酶活性，但令人惊讶的是，当通过被动血凝试验检测时，两种抗血清都有显著的抗片段A效价。这表明抗毒素中的一些抗片段A活性影响酶的活性位点，而抗类毒素中的抗片段A活性则不影响，这意味着片段A上至少存在两个独立的抗原区域。
