Agranat O, Melmed S, Altmann G, Bank H
Isr J Med Sci. 1977 Dec;13(12):1151-62.
The etiologic, bacteriological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of 95 cases of bacterial or fungal meningitis in adults seen in a large community hospital were reviewed. The study was limited to non-neurosurgical patients in whom positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures were obtained. Overall mortality was 40%, with no appreciable change during the 22-year period. The most common causative organism was the pneumococcus, with a 45% mortality. There were no deaths among the patients with meningococcal meningitis. Cryptococcus neoformans was the third most common single organism encountered. Meningitis due to uncommon organisms usually developed in debilitated or immunologically compromised patients, and had a poor prognosis. Advanced age, underlying debilitating disease and severly impaired consciousness on admission were associated with a high mortality. Bacterial and fungal meningitis in adults remains a serious life-threatening disease, despite advances in antibiotic therapy.
对一家大型社区医院收治的95例成人细菌性或真菌性脑膜炎患者的病因、细菌学、临床及治疗方面进行了回顾性研究。该研究仅限于脑脊液培养呈阳性的非神经外科患者。总体死亡率为40%，在22年期间无明显变化。最常见的病原体是肺炎球菌，死亡率为45%。脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎患者无死亡病例。新型隐球菌是第三种最常见的单一病原体。由不常见病原体引起的脑膜炎通常发生在身体虚弱或免疫功能受损的患者中，预后较差。高龄、潜在的虚弱疾病以及入院时意识严重受损与高死亡率相关。尽管抗生素治疗取得了进展，但成人细菌性和真菌性脑膜炎仍然是一种严重的危及生命的疾病。
