Lothman E W, Somjen G G
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1976 Oct;41(4):337-47. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(76)90096-1.
The administration of a convulsant dose of penicillin enhanced the transmission of monosynaptic reflexes in spinal cords in which reflex transmission was feeble before the drug treatment, but it had little effect in cords where monosynaptic reflexes were powerful to begin with. Post-tetanic potentiation was not altered by penicillin. Polysynaptic reflexes were invariably enhanced by convulsant amounts of penicillin. Postsynaptic ("direct") inhibition was not affected in the seizure-free intervals in spinal cords treated with penicillin, but it seemed to be suppressed during tonic seizures. The disability of reflex inhibition during ictal discharges may be due to presynaptic depolarization of inhibitory terminals. Recurrent inhibition was partially suppressed in spinal cords treated with penicillin. Neurons in the dorsal and intermediate gray matter were sometimes excited, sometimes inhibited, and sometimes unaffected by seizure activity of their segment. Motoneurons in the ventral horns invariably participated in the interictal and ictal activity. The timing of clonic seizure sequences coincided with bursts of Renshaw cell discharges. Action potential of abnormal amplitude and configuration were frequently observed in convulsing motoneurons. Paroxysmal depolarizing shifts (PDSs) of motoneurons were similar to those observed by other investigators in neurons in experimental epileptic foci of the cerebral cortex, except that spinal PDSs were not followed by hyperpolarizing waves.
给予惊厥剂量的青霉素可增强脊髓中单突触反射的传递，在药物治疗前反射传递较弱的脊髓中效果明显，但对单突触反射一开始就很强的脊髓影响不大。青霉素不改变强直后增强效应。惊厥剂量的青霉素总是会增强多突触反射。在用青霉素治疗的脊髓中，突触后（“直接”）抑制在无癫痫发作期间不受影响，但在强直性发作期间似乎受到抑制。发作期放电时反射抑制功能丧失可能是由于抑制性终末的突触前去极化所致。在用青霉素治疗的脊髓中，回返性抑制受到部分抑制。背侧和中间灰质中的神经元有时会被其节段的癫痫活动兴奋，有时会被抑制，有时则不受影响。腹角运动神经元总是参与发作间期和发作期活动。阵挛性癫痫发作序列的时间与闰绍细胞放电爆发相吻合。在惊厥的运动神经元中经常观察到振幅和形态异常的动作电位。运动神经元的阵发性去极化漂移（PDSs）与其他研究者在大脑皮质实验性癫痫病灶中的神经元所观察到的相似，只是脊髓PDSs之后没有超极化波。
