Arnold G, Gressner A M, Clahsen H
Anat Anz. 1977;142(3):180-91.
We have performed histomechanical experiments with historheological methods on the liver capsule of men and cattle. The liver capsule is a non linear viscoelastic tissue. The force-extension diagram or the force-time curve under increase in length shows a flat initial part with a large strain reserve, then an arched domain and subsequently a steep increase in force with a coordination of a small increase in length. The hysteresis loop is represented. When the tissue is in a viscoelastic steady state (preconditioned), the force-extension curves respectively the force-time curves are identical one with another and under certain presuppositions reproducible. This is also the case with the static relaxation curve and the force recovery curve (inverse relaxation). With a ramp shaped extension time input function and an additional, superimposed sinus length-time input function we can observe the following dynamical force-time output functions: Non linear dynamical force increase, amplitude increment phenomenon, dynamical force recovery (dynamical inverse relaxation). Various dynamical-statical transients are demonstrated in diagrams. The mechanical properties of the liver capsule are interacting with the ligaments of the liver, with the intrahepatic connective tissue, and with the liver parenchyma. Aspects of the functional anatomy and the tension of the capsule in an acute increase of he liver parenchyma are discussed.
我们已采用历史流变学方法对人和牛的肝包膜进行了组织力学实验。肝包膜是一种非线性粘弹性组织。在长度增加时的力 - 伸长图或力 - 时间曲线显示出一个初始平缓部分，具有较大的应变储备，接着是一个拱形区域，随后力急剧增加，同时长度有小幅增加。呈现出滞后回线。当组织处于粘弹性稳态（预调节）时，力 - 伸长曲线以及力 - 时间曲线彼此相同，并且在某些预设条件下可重复。静态松弛曲线和力恢复曲线（反向松弛）也是如此。通过斜坡形伸长时间输入函数以及一个额外的、叠加的正弦长度 - 时间输入函数，我们可以观察到以下动态力 - 时间输出函数：非线性动态力增加、振幅增量现象、动态力恢复（动态反向松弛）。在图表中展示了各种动态 - 静态瞬变情况。肝包膜的力学特性与肝脏的韧带、肝内结缔组织以及肝实质相互作用。讨论了在肝实质急性增大时包膜的功能解剖学及张力方面的问题。
