Steinbach H B
J Gen Physiol. 1967 Nov;50(10):2377-89. doi: 10.1085/jgp.50.10.2377.
Fresh, empty, isolated sacs of leg skin from R. pipiens manufacture a salt solution reasonably balanced with respect to ions and approximating a somewhat dilute Ringer's fluid. Concentrations of ions bear little relationship to concentrations in the external medium even down to 12 mM. An effective regulatory mechanism is indicated whereby the amount of salt transported is adjusted to the amount of water or vice versa, the rate of movement of either salt or water being largely independent of osmotic or ionic gradients (outer fluid to manufactured inner fluid). Concentrations of the inner fluids appear to be regulated to conform to a fairly constant concentration within the skin. Some evidence is presented that a major factor in regulating concentration of the inner fluid is triggered by an initial dilution of the inner fluid, followed by stimulation of salt uptake.
来自豹蛙的新鲜、空的、分离的腿部皮肤囊能够制造出一种盐溶液，该溶液在离子方面相当平衡，近似于某种稀释的林格氏液。即使外部介质中的离子浓度低至12 mM，内部离子浓度与外部介质中的浓度也几乎没有关系。这表明存在一种有效的调节机制，通过该机制，运输的盐量会根据水量进行调整，反之亦然，盐或水的移动速率在很大程度上独立于渗透或离子梯度（外部液体到制造出的内部液体）。内部液体的浓度似乎受到调节，以符合皮肤内相当恒定的浓度。有证据表明，调节内部液体浓度的一个主要因素是由内部液体的初始稀释引发的，随后是对盐摄取的刺激。
