Moskowitz D S, Schwartz J C, Corsini D A
Child Dev. 1977 Dec;48(4):1271-6.
Using the Ainsworth-Wittig strange situation, 12 42-month-old children with approximately 6-months of day-care experience were compared with individually matched children who had not had group child-rearing experience; 8 members of each experience group were female, and 4 members were male. While the day-care children showed less distress than the home-care children in the latter parts of the laboratory situation, the 2 groups were not different with respect to most other behaviors, including those toward the mother. However, day-care experience appeared to have differential effects as a function of sex; large differences were often found between the scores of the male subgroups, whereas the differences between the female subgroups were usually small. The day-care males exhibited the most exploratory manipulation, and the home-care males showed the most approach and proximity seeking toward the mother and the strongest approach toward and avoidance of the stranger. These results did not support the idea that day-care experience impair attachment to the mother.
利用安斯沃思-维特陌生情境实验，对12名有大约6个月日托经历的42个月大儿童与没有集体养育经历但进行了个体匹配的儿童进行了比较；每个经历组中有8名女性成员和4名男性成员。虽然在实验室情境的后半段，日托儿童比家庭照料儿童表现出更少的痛苦，但两组在大多数其他行为方面没有差异，包括对母亲的行为。然而，日托经历似乎因性别而产生不同影响；男性亚组的得分之间经常存在很大差异，而女性亚组之间的差异通常很小。日托男性表现出最多的探索性操作，家庭照料男性表现出对母亲最强烈的接近和寻求亲近行为，以及对陌生人最强烈的接近和回避行为。这些结果并不支持日托经历会损害对母亲依恋的观点。
