Kazda S, Garthoff B, Luckhaus G
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1984;6 Suppl 7:S956-62.
The antihypertensive effect of nitrendipine cannot be explained only by its reduction of the increased peripheral vascular resistance. In contrast to the antihypertensive vasodilators, nitrendipine improves impaired renal function and prevents generalized vasculopathy in hypertensive animals. Chronic treatment with nitrendipine prevents spontaneous (Okamoto rats) and salt-induced (Dahl rats) hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. In rats with established hypertension, nitrendipine normalizes blood pressure, reduces cardiac hypertrophy, and improves renal ischaemia. In salt-induced malignant hypertension in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, nitrendipine only slightly reduces blood pressure but dramatically improves survival and prevents vascular lesions in the heart, brain, and kidneys. Nitrendipine reduces the intracellular availability of calcium ions in vascular smooth muscle responsible for the increased peripheral and renovascular resistance in hypertension. Moreover, in preventing the deleterious calcium overload, nitrendipine preserves tissue integrity and increases life span in malignant hypertension.
尼群地平的降压作用不能仅用其降低升高的外周血管阻力来解释。与降压血管扩张剂不同，尼群地平可改善受损的肾功能，并预防高血压动物的全身性血管病变。长期使用尼群地平可预防自发性（冈本大鼠）和盐诱导性（ Dahl大鼠）高血压及心脏肥大。在已患高血压的大鼠中，尼群地平可使血压正常化，减轻心脏肥大，并改善肾缺血。在易中风自发性高血压大鼠的盐诱导性恶性高血压中，尼群地平仅轻微降低血压，但可显著提高生存率，并预防心脏、大脑和肾脏的血管病变。尼群地平可降低血管平滑肌细胞内钙离子的可用性，而钙离子的增加会导致高血压患者外周和肾血管阻力增加。此外，在预防有害的钙超载方面，尼群地平可维持组织完整性，并延长恶性高血压患者的寿命。
