Molina J C, Serwatka J, Spear N E
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1984 Sep;21(3):387-91. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(84)80100-8.
Twenty-one day old rats were exposed to either alcohol or lemon odor, paired or unpaired with lithium chloride (LiCl) induced toxicosis, and were tested 7 days later for odor preferences and ethanol intake. Additional control groups received neither the conditioned nor the unconditioned stimuli and were merely tested on either odor preference or alcohol consumption. Ethanol odor exposure per se resulted in an enhanced ingestion of a 5.6% ethanol solution. This effects was attenuated by pairing such exposure with internal malaise. Furthermore, ethanol odor-LiCl pairings decreased olfactory preferences for ethanol relative to lemon odor, whereas lemon-LiCl pairings increased ethanol odor preference relative to lemon odor. Order of testing also affected odor preferences. Rats previously tested on ethanol consumption demonstrated a strong rejection of the alcohol odor when compared to rats initially tested in the olfactory task. These results suggest that early learned and unlearned experiences with alcohol odor can not only affect subsequent ethanol odor preferences but can also lead to significant changes in alcohol consumption.
将21日龄的大鼠暴露于酒精或柠檬气味中，与氯化锂（LiCl）诱导的中毒进行配对或不配对处理，并在7天后测试其气味偏好和乙醇摄入量。另外的对照组既不接受条件刺激也不接受非条件刺激，仅对气味偏好或酒精消耗进行测试。乙醇气味暴露本身会导致5.6%乙醇溶液的摄入量增加。通过将这种暴露与身体不适配对，这种效应会减弱。此外，乙醇气味-LiCl配对相对于柠檬气味降低了对乙醇的嗅觉偏好，而柠檬-LiCl配对相对于柠檬气味增加了对乙醇气味的偏好。测试顺序也会影响气味偏好。与最初在嗅觉任务中进行测试的大鼠相比，之前接受过乙醇消耗测试的大鼠对酒精气味表现出强烈的排斥。这些结果表明，早期对酒精气味的学习和未学习经历不仅会影响随后对乙醇气味的偏好，还会导致酒精消耗量的显著变化。
