Vasopressin antagonists block peripheral as well as central vasopressin receptors.

The aim of the present study was to differentiate between the postulated central behavioral effects of vasopressin and its pressor response, which is mainly mediated by peripheral vascular receptors. Thus, the interaction between the vasopressor antagonists dPTyr(Me)AVP (AAVPa) and d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP (AAVPb) with the effects of [Arg8]vasopressin (AVP-(1-9)) and [pGlu4,Cyt6]AVP-(4-8) (referred to as AVP-(4-8)) was examined using passive avoidance behavior and the pressor response as parameters. AVP-(4-8) was approximately 4 and 200 times more potent than AVP-(1-9) in facilitating passive avoidance behavior after subcutaneous (SC) or intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration respectively. This effect of SC injected AVP-(1-9) and AVP-(4-8) could be prevented by both vasopressor antagonists following SC treatment. A similar antagonistic action was found when AVP-(1-9) or AVP-(4-8) and the antagonist AAVPb were administered ICV. SC injection of AAVPb prevented the behavioral effect of ICV administered AVP-(1-9) while ICV treatment with the antagonist blocked the behavioral action of systemically injected AVP-(1-9) and AVP-(4-8). In contrast to SC injected AVP-(1-9) which dose-dependently increased blood pressure and decreased heart rate, AVP-(4-8) injected SC in identical doses did not affect blood pressure and heart rate, neither did AVP-(1-9) and AVP-(4-8) when injected ICV in behaviorally active doses. A SC, but not an ICV injection of the antagonist AAVPb could prevent the blood pressure increase and bradycardia induced by SC AVP-(1-9).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)