Negative regulation of STE6 gene expression by the alpha 2 product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The alpha 2 product of the alpha mating type locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is proposed to be a negative regulator of a set of dispersed genes concerned with specialized properties of a cells. This set of genes includes those, termed a-specific STE genes (STE2, STE6, and STE14), which are required for mating by a cells but not by alpha cells. We cloned the STE6 gene to determine whether its expression is limited to a cells and, if so, whether its expression is inhibited in alpha cells by the alpha 2 product. Expression of STE6 was assayed in two ways: by blot hybridization, RNA and by beta-galactosidase activity in strains carrying a STE6-lacZ hybrid gene. We found that STE6 expression was limited to a cells and was negatively regulated by the alpha 2 product. STE6 RNA was not detectable in strains containing the wild-type alpha 2 gene product. Expression of STE6 was at least 150-fold lower in alpha cells than in a cells, based on beta-galactosidase activities in a and alpha cells carrying the STE6-lacZ gene. These results confirmed that the alpha 2 product is a negative regulator of gene expression and showed that it acts at the level of RNA production. We also examined the phenotype of a mutant carrying an insertion mutation of the STE6 gene, the ste6::lacZ allele. In addition, an a-specific defect in mating, this mutant was greatly reduced (but not completely deficient) in a-factor production. Other phenotypes characteristic of a cells--Barrier activity, agglutination, and response to alpha-factor--were normal. STE6 thus appears to be necessary for biosynthesis of a-factor.