Fortunio G, Cotronei G, Viola F
Arch Sci Med (Torino). 1977 Oct-Dec;134(4):461-74.
The last decade has seen a greater use of broad spectrum antibiotics at the expense of those with limited spectrum. With this in mind, the trends in the commonest bacterial, respiratory, gastroenteric and urinary infections from 1963 to 1974 have been analysed with a view to identify correlations between epidemiology and trends in antibotic consumption. The epidemiological investigation was carried out on the INAM health institution assisted population, i.e. on a sample of more than thirty million subjects throughout the country. Diseases with prevalently Gram-positive aetiology (acute and chronic infections of the respiratory tract) and those with prevalently Gram-negative aetiology (infections of the urinary tract) were examined and the data obtained processed statistically. It is personally considered that study of this pathology over the last decade is not enough to explain the tendency to make use almost exclusively of broad spectrum antibiotics and the serious clinical, epidemiological and social implications deriving from the dissemination of multiresistant bacterial strains.
在过去十年中，广谱抗生素的使用愈发广泛，而窄谱抗生素的使用则相对减少。考虑到这一点，对1963年至1974年间最常见的细菌感染、呼吸道感染、胃肠道感染及泌尿系统感染的趋势进行了分析，旨在确定流行病学与抗生素消费趋势之间的相关性。流行病学调查针对的是INAM医疗机构所救助的人群，即全国范围内超过三千万受试者的样本。对以革兰氏阳性菌为主病因的疾病（呼吸道急慢性感染）和以革兰氏阴性菌为主病因的疾病（泌尿系统感染）进行了检查，并对所获数据进行了统计学处理。个人认为，对过去十年这种病理情况的研究不足以解释几乎完全使用广谱抗生素的趋势，以及多重耐药菌株传播所带来的严重临床、流行病学和社会影响。
