Lins F E, Fortney J A
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1981 Mar;19(1):27-34. doi: 10.1016/0020-7292(81)90035-7.
Data collected on maternity patients at four hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, show that their rates of cesarean section vary considerably, ranging from less than 15% of all deliveries at the hospital serving women from the lowest socioeconomic group to over 80% at the one restricted to private patients. Virtually none of the conditions usually considered as indication for cesarean delivery were universally managed in this manner. On the other hand, in many instances, there was no recorded indication for abdominal delivery. While mortality and morbidity rates are low, exposure of mothers and infants to the additional risks associated with surgery for no apparently valid reason is unwarranted.
在巴西里约热内卢的四家医院收集的产妇数据显示，她们的剖宫产率差异很大，在为社会经济地位最低群体的女性服务的医院，剖宫产率不到所有分娩的15%，而在一家只接收自费患者的医院，这一比例超过了80%。实际上，通常被视为剖宫产指征的情况并没有都以这种方式普遍处理。另一方面，在许多情况下，没有记录下剖宫产的指征。虽然死亡率和发病率较低，但让母亲和婴儿无端承受与手术相关的额外风险是没有必要的。
