Stimmel G L, McGhan W F, Wincor M Z, Deandrea D M
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1982 Sep;39(9):1483-6.
Drug prescribing for inpatients by three certified pharmacist prescribers and two psychiatrists at a 40-bed mental health facility in California was evaluated. The pharmacist prescribers were assigned diagnosed patients whose treatment plan was primarily pharmacologic. For each prescriber, 60 prescriptions were randomly selected to include 20 neuroleptic drugs, 20 anticholinergic drugs used to alleviate the parkinsonism-like syndrome induced by neuroleptic drugs, and 20 antidepressants. A panel of four clinical judges independently evaluated the appropriateness of each prescription using explicit screening criteria; the judges' mean scores were reported. The patients treated by pharmacists and physicians were similar in age, sex ratio, number of drugs prescribed, and number of medical diagnoses. There was no significant difference in the appropriateness of prescribing between pharmacists and physicians for anticholinergic drugs, while mean scores for pharmacists were significantly better than physicians for neuroleptic and antidepressant drugs. The mean scores for all prescribers in most areas were in the appropriate range. While the results are not applicable to all pharmacists, the certified pharmacist prescribers in this study prescribed drugs for psychiatric inpatients as safely and appropriately as the physicians.
对加利福尼亚州一家拥有40张床位的心理健康机构中三名获得认证的药剂师开方者和两名精神科医生为住院患者开的药进行了评估。药剂师开方者被分配了诊断明确的患者，其治疗方案主要是药物治疗。对于每位开方者，随机抽取60张处方，包括20种抗精神病药物、20种用于缓解抗精神病药物引起的帕金森综合征样症状的抗胆碱能药物和20种抗抑郁药。由四名临床评委组成的小组使用明确的筛选标准独立评估每张处方的适宜性；报告了评委的平均得分。由药剂师和医生治疗的患者在年龄、性别比例、所开药物数量和医学诊断数量方面相似。在抗胆碱能药物的开方适宜性方面，药剂师和医生之间没有显著差异，而在抗精神病药物和抗抑郁药方面，药剂师的平均得分明显高于医生。大多数领域所有开方者的平均得分都在适宜范围内。虽然这些结果并不适用于所有药剂师，但本研究中获得认证的药剂师开方者为精神科住院患者开药的安全性和适宜性与医生相当。
