Illis L S
Int Rehabil Med. 1982;4(4):166-72. doi: 10.3109/09638288209166910.
General theories of recovery are outlined. The effect of a partial lesion in the central nervous system (CNS) is described with the emphasis on the reaction of the intact and undamaged CNS. The reaction of the CNS includes sprouting of new terminals and the unmasking of synapses. The role of neuroglia is discussed in relation to the dynamic changes following partial damage and consequent reorganization of the CNS. The effect of this reaction, sprouting and unmasking of synapses, is to produce an altered nervous system and it is this altered nervous system, as well as the lesion responsible, which produces the clinical picture in human chronic neurological damage. Although much remains unanswered, the known facts of CNS reorganization (and possible regeneration?) in the experimental animal have definite implications for management of neurological deficit in man; in particular, that the adult nervous system is capable of considerable reorganization and therapeutic procedures may be based on active environmental and artificial stimulation.
本文概述了恢复的一般理论。描述了中枢神经系统（CNS）局部损伤的影响，重点是完整无损的中枢神经系统的反应。中枢神经系统的反应包括新终末的发芽和突触的去遮蔽。讨论了神经胶质在中枢神经系统局部损伤后的动态变化及随后的重组中的作用。这种反应，即突触的发芽和去遮蔽，其作用是产生一个改变了的神经系统，正是这个改变了的神经系统以及造成损伤的因素，导致了人类慢性神经损伤的临床表现。尽管仍有许多问题未得到解答，但实验动物中枢神经系统重组（以及可能的再生？）的已知事实对人类神经功能缺损的治疗具有明确的意义；特别是，成年神经系统能够进行相当程度的重组，治疗程序可以基于积极的环境和人工刺激。
