Shader R I, Greenblatt D J
J Clin Psychiatry. 1983 Nov;44(11 Pt 2):21-30.
The psychologic (i.e., psychotherapeutic or behavioral) and pharmacologic approaches available for the treatment of anxiety are reviewed. Accurate diagnosis and consideration of patient characteristics are essential in choosing among the numerous treatment options. Nonpharmacologic methods are generally the first treatment choice in situational and nonincapacitating anxiety. When anxiety is severe and prolonged, adjunctive drug treatment is appropriate, with antidepressants for phobic and panic states and anxiolytics for generalized anxiety disorder and mixed anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines are currently the anxiolytics of choice; newer nonbenzodiazepine compounds may provide increased safety.
本文综述了可用于治疗焦虑症的心理（即心理治疗或行为治疗）和药物治疗方法。在众多治疗方案中进行选择时，准确的诊断和对患者特征的考量至关重要。非药物方法通常是情境性和非失能性焦虑的首选治疗方法。当焦虑严重且持续时，辅助药物治疗是合适的，针对恐惧症和惊恐状态使用抗抑郁药，针对广泛性焦虑障碍以及混合性焦虑和抑郁使用抗焦虑药。苯二氮䓬类药物是目前的抗焦虑药首选；新型非苯二氮䓬类化合物可能具有更高的安全性。
