Scamman F L, Ghoneim M M, Korttila K
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1984 Feb;28(1):63-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1984.tb02013.x.
Forty healthy, young volunteers received intravenously, in a double-blind and random fashion, 7.5 or 15 micrograms/kg of alfentanil, 1.5 or 3 micrograms/kg of fentanyl, or saline. The ventilatory response to CO2 was measured before and at 4, 20, 30, 50, 80, and 120 min post-treatment. Mental and psychomotor functions were measured before and at 10, 40, 100, 130, and 180 min post-treatment. Low and high-dose fentanyl caused significant respiratory depression up to 30 and 80 min post-treatment, respectively, while there was no depression with low-dose alfentanil and only at 4 min with high-dose alfentanil. The fentanyl to alfentanil potency ratio for respiratory depression was 13:1. High-dose fentanyl caused more intense and prolonged mental effects than other treatments. Neither drug affected learning or recall, although high-dose fentanyl impaired motor activity. Nausea and vomiting rates were similar between high-dose alfentanil and low-dose fentanyl.
40名健康的年轻志愿者以双盲随机方式静脉注射7.5或15微克/千克的阿芬太尼、1.5或3微克/千克的芬太尼或生理盐水。在治疗前以及治疗后4、20、30、50、80和120分钟测量对二氧化碳的通气反应。在治疗前以及治疗后10、40、100、130和180分钟测量精神和心理运动功能。低剂量和高剂量芬太尼分别在治疗后30分钟和80分钟内引起显著的呼吸抑制，而低剂量阿芬太尼没有引起呼吸抑制，高剂量阿芬太尼仅在4分钟时引起呼吸抑制。芬太尼与阿芬太尼引起呼吸抑制的效价比为13:1。高剂量芬太尼比其他治疗引起更强烈和持久的精神效应。两种药物均不影响学习或回忆，尽管高剂量芬太尼会损害运动活动。高剂量阿芬太尼和低剂量芬太尼的恶心和呕吐发生率相似。
