Uvnäs-Moberg K, Eriksson M, Blomquist L E, Kunavongkrit A, Einarsson S
Acta Physiol Scand. 1984 May;121(1):31-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1984.tb10454.x.
Blood samples were collected in peripheral venous blood of seven lactating sows, when their piglets were suckling. In four of the experiments samples were also taken when the sows were fed a meal. Gastrin, insulin, somatostatin and VIP levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Insulin levels increased by approximately 100% for about 10 min in response to suckling, in some experiments even before the suckling occurred, i.e. when the sows saw, heard and smelled their piglets. In four of the sows suckling caused a biphasic twofold increase in gastrin levels - one immediate peak which lasted for a few min and a second peak of longer duration (about 30-60 min), whereas gastrin levels remained unchanged in three animals. Somatostatin levels usually reflected gastrin levels in a reciprocal way. Thus, a biphasic decrease of somatostatin levels occurred in the high gastrin responders. In contrast, somatostatin levels increased in the experiments, in which gastrin levels did not change. Immediate and short-lasting (a few minutes long) increases of VIP levels were also induced by suckling. Large litters and long suckling periods appeared to be related to greater changes of the levels of all the peptides measured. Feeding influenced insulin, gastrin and somatostatin levels in the same way as did suckling from both a qualitative and a quantitative point of view. In contrast, VIP levels were not increased by feeding. The possible functional effects of the suckling-induced release of gastrointestinal hormones and possible mechanisms of their release are discussed.
在七头泌乳母猪的外周静脉血中采集血样，采集时间为其仔猪吮乳时。在其中四个实验中，还在母猪进食时采集血样。通过放射免疫分析法测定胃泌素、胰岛素、生长抑素和血管活性肠肽（VIP）的水平。吮乳后，胰岛素水平在大约10分钟内增加了约100%，在一些实验中，甚至在吮乳发生之前，即母猪看到、听到和闻到仔猪时就开始增加。在四头母猪中，吮乳导致胃泌素水平出现双相两倍的增加——一个持续几分钟的即刻峰值和一个持续时间更长（约30 - 60分钟）的第二个峰值，而在三头母猪中胃泌素水平保持不变。生长抑素水平通常以相反的方式反映胃泌素水平。因此，在胃泌素反应高的母猪中，生长抑素水平出现双相下降。相反，在胃泌素水平未发生变化的实验中，生长抑素水平增加。吮乳还会引起VIP水平即刻且短暂（几分钟）的升高。仔猪数量多和吮乳期长似乎与所测所有肽类水平的更大变化有关。从定性和定量的角度来看，进食对胰岛素、胃泌素和生长抑素水平的影响与吮乳相同。相反，进食不会使VIP水平升高。文中讨论了吮乳诱导的胃肠激素释放的可能功能效应及其释放的可能机制。
