Unger T, Ganten D, Lang R E
Fortschr Med. 1984 Jun 14;102(22):605-8.
Evidence for a contribution of the central nervous system to the development and maintenance of high blood pressure disease is accumulating. Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system has been demonstrated experimentally and clinically. Centrally acting drugs such as a-methyldopa, clonidine or reserpine effectively lower blood pressure. CNS dysregulation, as seen by alterations in neurotransmitter concentrations or baroreceptor reflex function, have been detected in early stages of hypertension. In animal experiments renal hypertension could be prevented by central chemical sympathectomy. Finally, psychosocial stress can induce sustained hypertension and a relationship between personality pattern, conflict behaviour and high blood pressure has been established.
中枢神经系统在高血压疾病的发生和维持中发挥作用的证据正在不断积累。实验和临床研究均已证实交感神经系统活动增强。诸如α-甲基多巴、可乐定或利血平之类的中枢作用药物能有效降低血压。在高血压早期阶段已检测到神经递质浓度或压力感受器反射功能改变所显示的中枢神经系统调节异常。在动物实验中，中枢化学性交感神经切除术可预防肾性高血压。最后，心理社会压力可诱发持续性高血压，并且已确立人格模式、冲突行为与高血压之间的关联。
