Fukushi Y, Hakomori S, Shepard T
J Exp Med. 1984 Aug 1;160(2):506-20. doi: 10.1084/jem.160.2.506.
Distribution patterns of specific fucose-containing antigens having X determinant (Gal beta 1----4[Fuc alpha 1----3]GlcNAc) as well as the di- or trimeric X determinants (Gal beta 1----4[Fuc alpha 1----3]GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----4[Fuc alpha 1----3]-GlcNAc) in the developing human embryo and fetus and in human cancer have been examined using immunohistological techniques. Tissue sections were stained with monoclonal antibody FH3, which defines X determinant, and with monoclonal antibody FH4, which defines di- or trimeric X determinant. The following general trends in the expression of the antigens defined by FH3 and FH4 have been observed: (a) A well-organized, orderly appearance and disappearance of the antigens was observed during the histogenesis of various epithelia of gastrointestinal and other organs. The developmental stage exhibiting the maximum antigen expression is different for each organ. (b) The X determinant defined by FH3 was expressed approximately 2 wk earlier than the di- or trimeric X determinant defined by FH4, and the antigen defined by FH4 regressed more rapidly and more completely than the X determinant defined by FH3 on further development of epithelial tissue. Thus, expression of the FH4 antigen is highly limited to specific types of cells in newborn and adult epithelial tissues. (c) The antigen defined by FH4 was strongly expressed in the majority of tubular and papillary adenocarcinoma of stomach, adenocarcinoma of colon, and infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast and its metastatic lesions. No antigen was found in poorly differentiated stomach adenocarcinoma, squamous lung carcinoma, and many other types of tumors from ovary, testis, prostate, skin, and muscle. The presence of the antigen defined by FH4 is therefore limited to carcinoma of the stomach, colon, and breast and can be regarded as a retrograde expression of the antigen to a certain stage of fetal development in which expression of this antigen was maximal.
利用免疫组织学技术，研究了具有X决定簇（Galβ1----4[Fucα1----3]GlcNAc）以及二聚体或三聚体X决定簇（Galβ1----4[Fucα1----3]GlcNAcβ1----3Galβ1----4[Fucα1----3]-GlcNAc）的特定含岩藻糖抗原在发育中的人类胚胎和胎儿以及人类癌症中的分布模式。用定义X决定簇的单克隆抗体FH3和定义二聚体或三聚体X决定簇的单克隆抗体FH4对组织切片进行染色。观察到由FH3和FH4定义的抗原表达有以下一般趋势：(a) 在胃肠道和其他器官的各种上皮组织发生过程中，观察到抗原呈现出组织良好、有序的出现和消失。每个器官中抗原表达最高的发育阶段各不相同。(b) 由FH3定义的X决定簇比由FH4定义的二聚体或三聚体X决定簇早约2周表达，并且在上皮组织进一步发育时，由FH4定义的抗原比由FH3定义的X决定簇消退得更快、更完全。因此，FH4抗原的表达在新生儿和成人上皮组织中高度局限于特定类型的细胞。(c) 由FH4定义的抗原在大多数胃管状和乳头状腺癌、结肠腺癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌及其转移灶中强烈表达。在低分化胃腺癌、肺鳞状细胞癌以及来自卵巢、睾丸、前列腺、皮肤和肌肉的许多其他类型肿瘤中未发现抗原。因此，由FH4定义的抗原的存在仅限于胃癌、结肠癌和乳腺癌，可被视为该抗原向胎儿发育的某个阶段的逆行表达，在该阶段该抗原的表达最高。
