De Marinis M, Barbieri R M, Grillo G, Feliciani M, Agnoli A
Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1984 Dec 30;60(12):2353-8.
The pupillary responses to different agonists and antagonists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have been studied in normal volunteers. The eyedrops were instilled unilaterally and the responses were evaluated by measuring the changes in diameter of the pupils (in millimeters). All the eyedrops induced an unilateral response on the instilled side. The mydriatic substances (phenylephrine, thropamide, tyramine) showed an evident and lasting action. Phenylephrine 1% was found to be a threshold dose to acquire the mydriatic effect. The beta blocking agent (timolol) induced a short mydriatic response, while methaproterenol did not change the pupillary diameter. Clonidine caused an unilateral mydriasis. The alpha blocking agent and the parasympathetic system stimulation agent induced miotic effects The results are discussed with particular reference to the possible mechanism of the pupillary response to timolol and clonidine.
在正常志愿者中研究了瞳孔对交感神经系统和副交感神经系统不同激动剂和拮抗剂的反应。眼药水单侧滴注，并通过测量瞳孔直径（以毫米为单位）的变化来评估反应。所有眼药水均在滴注侧引起单侧反应。散瞳物质（去氧肾上腺素、托吡卡胺、酪胺）显示出明显且持久的作用。发现1%的去氧肾上腺素是产生散瞳作用的阈剂量。β受体阻滞剂（噻吗洛尔）引起短暂的散瞳反应，而间羟异丙肾上腺素未改变瞳孔直径。可乐定引起单侧瞳孔散大。α受体阻滞剂和副交感神经系统刺激剂引起缩瞳作用。结合噻吗洛尔和可乐定瞳孔反应的可能机制对结果进行了讨论。
