Garstecki D C, O'Neill J J
Scand Audiol. 1980;9(3):147-51. doi: 10.3109/01050398009076348.
The influence of situational cues and reasoning strategies on speechreading was studied in normal-hearing and minimally hearing-impaired adults. Everyday Speech Sentences (Davis & Silverman, 1968) produced by a female talker were videotaped without sound in the context of a visual background scene. A non-verbal acoustic signal was matched to each sentence and dubbed onto the recording. Thus, each test item consisted of an inaudible sentence presented with an optical and acoustic situational cue. The experimental task was structured so that subjects speechread sentences using deductive or inductive reasoning strategies. Results demonstrated greater success in speechreading when sentences were matched with related situational cues than when unrelated cues were provided. This difference was noted only when inductive reasoning was used. The findings suggest that situational cues are most useful to the speechreader when he can be assured that a strong relationship exists between the spoken message and the talker's situational background.
研究了情境线索和推理策略对听力正常及轻度听力受损成年人唇读的影响。由一名女性讲话者说出的《日常言语句子》（戴维斯和西尔弗曼，1968年）在有视觉背景场景的情况下被无声录像。一个非语言声学信号与每个句子匹配并配音到录音中。因此，每个测试项目都由一个听不见的句子和一个视觉及声学情境线索组成。实验任务的结构是让受试者使用演绎或归纳推理策略来唇读句子。结果表明，当句子与相关情境线索匹配时，唇读的成功率高于提供不相关线索时。这种差异仅在使用归纳推理时才被注意到。研究结果表明，当唇读者能够确定口语信息与讲话者的情境背景之间存在紧密关系时，情境线索对唇读者最为有用。
