Zenner H P
Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1981;233(2):161-72. doi: 10.1007/BF00453640.
Humoral and cellular immune responses to laryngeal carcinomas suggest the presence of tumor-associated antigens on the surface of larynx carcinoma cells. Production of antisera against specific antigens on human tumors or tissues is complicated by the concomitant production of antibodies that react with all human cells. To circumvent this problem monospecific antibodies are needed. After isolation of larynx carcinoma cells by cell culture techniques outer cell membranes were prepared and used to immunize mice. From these mice the antibody-producing spleen cells were isolated and fused with myeloma cells resulting in antibody-secreting hybrid cells. Hybrid cells were cloned, thus forming monoclonal antibodies. A hybridoma clone was isolated producing antibodies that did not bind to various normal human cells lines, fibrocytes or lymphocytes, nor to cells of non-human origin. In contrast, the monoclonal antibody was able to identify various malignant target cells, including two laryngeal carcinomas and two salivary gland carcinomas. Monoclonal antibodies are a useful tool for detection of tumor-specific antigens and differentiation antigens. They represent an approach toward identifying and isolating cell surface components.
针对喉癌的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应表明,喉癌细胞表面存在肿瘤相关抗原。针对人类肿瘤或组织上特定抗原产生抗血清会因同时产生与所有人类细胞发生反应的抗体而变得复杂。为了规避这个问题,需要单特异性抗体。通过细胞培养技术分离出喉癌细胞后,制备了外细胞膜并用于免疫小鼠。从这些小鼠中分离出产生抗体的脾细胞,并与骨髓瘤细胞融合,从而产生分泌抗体的杂交细胞。对杂交细胞进行克隆,从而形成单克隆抗体。分离出一个杂交瘤克隆,其产生的抗体不与各种正常人类细胞系、纤维细胞或淋巴细胞以及非人类来源的细胞结合。相比之下,该单克隆抗体能够识别各种恶性靶细胞,包括两种喉癌和两种唾液腺癌。单克隆抗体是检测肿瘤特异性抗原和分化抗原的有用工具。它们代表了一种识别和分离细胞表面成分的方法。