[Immunology and interferons (author's transl)].

The general function of the immune system is discussed in the present review paper. In addition to the discussion of 'specific' and 'non-specific' defence mechanisms, particular attention is paid to the important role played by macrophages in the two systems. Macrophages are found to have a specific regulatory function both in the induction and the effector phase of the immune response. The part dealing with the effector phase of the immune response is concerned with the action of sensitized T lymphocytes on the one hand and provides a review of the present state of knowledge of (sub)classes of immunoglobulins in domestic animals on the other. In the section on interferon, efforts are made to answer a number of questions concerning the properties and chemical composition of interferons as well as the induction of interferons and the use of interferon inducers in veterinary practice. Moreover, a number of theories on the possible mechanism of action of interferons are discussed. The antitumour effect of interferons is examined more closely, the relationship with the antitumour activity of the immune system being a central feature. The part played by 'killer' and 'natural killer' cells is discussed. Finally, a look is taken into the future, and efforts are made to present an actual picture of the future possibilities of the use of interferons in therapy and prevention. A central question is whether it will be possible to produce interferons in sufficient amounts by particular bacteria (recombinant DNA studies) within a certain period.