Köhler H, Zschiedrich H, Clasen R, Linfante A, Gamm H
Anaesthesist. 1982 Feb;31(2):61-7.
The effects of administration of a new, middle-molecular 10% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (HAES-steril) were compared to 10% dextran 40 (Rheomacrodex) in 20 hypovolaemic volunteers after withdrawal of 400 ml blood. The total increase of blood volume after 500 ml of 10% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 was 10.19 +/- 1.1 ml/kg (754 ml), after 500 ml of 10% dextran 40 14.10 +/- 1.1 ml/kg (1032 ml), which was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) and in correspondence with the known volume expanding properties of 10% dextran 40. The volume effect after administration of both substances was stable, as demonstrated by the ability to compensate the loss of 400 ml blood for more than 8 hours. The maximal increase of the colloid osmotoc pressure after 10% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 was 5.3 +/- 0.2 mm Hg, after 10% dextran 40 7.2 +/- 0.4 mm Hg and paralleled the increase of the blood volume. After 10% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 an increase of serum amylase was observed. This hyperamylasemia is caused by the formation of a high molecular hydroxyethyl starch-amylase complex, which cannot be eliminated easily. Urinary volume and endogenous creatinine clearance were increased by administration of both colloids. After dextran 40 a pronounced increase of the urinary viscosity occurred.
在20名低血容量志愿者献血400毫升后，对新型中分子10%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5（贺斯，HAES-steril）和10%右旋糖酐40（低分子右旋糖酐，Rheomacrodex）的给药效果进行了比较。输注500毫升10%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5后血容量的总增加量为10.19±1.1毫升/千克（754毫升），输注500毫升10%右旋糖酐40后为14.10±1.1毫升/千克（1032毫升），后者显著更高（p<0.01），这与已知的10%右旋糖酐40的扩容特性相符。两种物质给药后的容量效应均稳定，表现为能够在8小时以上代偿400毫升的失血。10%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5后胶体渗透压的最大增加值为5.3±0.2毫米汞柱，10%右旋糖酐40后为7.2±0.4毫米汞柱，且与血容量的增加平行。输注10%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5后观察到血清淀粉酶升高。这种高淀粉酶血症是由高分子羟乙基淀粉-淀粉酶复合物的形成引起的，该复合物不易被清除。两种胶体给药后尿量和内生肌酐清除率均增加。输注右旋糖酐40后尿黏度显著增加。
