Hoogkamp-Korstanje J A, Cats B, Senders R C, van Ertbruggen I
J Hosp Infect. 1982 Sep;3(3):275-84. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(82)90046-9.
An analysis was made of all cases of infection among 181 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during one year. Twenty-four per cent had an infection on admission; their infections correlated with prolonged ruptured membranes and the degree and site of colonization. The predominant organisms found in perinatal infections were Staphylococcus aureus, Group B streptococci and Escherichia coli. Thirty per cent acquired a hospital infection. This correlated with the length of the period of instrumentation. The majority of the hospital-acquired infections was caused by Gram-positive cocci (micrococci, Staph. saprophyticus, Staph. aureus, forming 65 per cent of the total), E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most hospital infections were nosocomial and not auto-infection. The outcome of the neonates with hospital infection was good, except for those with pseudomonas infection. Acquisition of hospital infection prolonged the period of hospitalization up to twice that required for neonates without infection.
对某新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）一年内收治的181例新生儿的所有感染病例进行了分析。24%的新生儿入院时即有感染；他们的感染与胎膜早破时间延长以及定植的程度和部位相关。围产期感染中发现的主要病原体为金黄色葡萄球菌、B组链球菌和大肠杆菌。30%的新生儿发生了医院感染。这与器械使用时间长短相关。大多数医院获得性感染由革兰氏阳性球菌（微球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌，占总数的65%）、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌引起。大多数医院感染是医院内感染而非自身感染。除了铜绿假单胞菌感染的新生儿外，医院感染新生儿的预后良好。发生医院感染会使住院时间延长至未感染新生儿所需时间的两倍。
