Kendal W S, Koles Z J, Smith R S
J Physiol. 1983 Dec;345:501-13. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1983.sp014992.
The motion of optically detected organelles in myelinated axons of Xenopus laevis was studied in axons bathed in a potassium glutamate based medium and in axons in a similar medium to which various inhibitors of axonal transport were added. Organelles in the potassium glutamate medium had a motion which was indistinguishable from that previously described for organelles in axons bathed in a conventional physiological saline. Colchicine, dimethylsulphoxide, 2,4-dinitrophenol, hyperosmotic solutions, raised concentrations of intracellular calcium ions, and media made up in deuterium oxide caused either a complete or partial inhibition of both anterograde and retrograde organelle transport. When directioned transport had been inhibited by any of the agents used, organelles displayed a longitudinally oriented oscillatory motion. An analysis of the variable, or oscillatory, component of organelle motion in axons not treated with inhibitors and in axons in which transport was partially or completely inhibited produced evidence that the dominant frequency components were similar in each case. A maximal estimate of the dominant frequency of oscillatory motion was 0.18 +/- 0.02 Hz. The distribution of instantaneous velocities about the mean velocity was not substantially altered as the transport of organelles was inhibited. The evidence suggested that the variable component of motion of organelles which show directioned transport is related to the oscillatory motion of organelles whose transport is inhibited.
在非洲爪蟾有髓轴突中，研究了光学检测细胞器在以谷氨酸钾为基础的培养基中浸泡的轴突以及在添加了各种轴突运输抑制剂的类似培养基中的轴突中的运动。在谷氨酸钾培养基中的细胞器运动与先前在传统生理盐水浸泡的轴突中描述的细胞器运动无法区分。秋水仙碱、二甲基亚砜、2,4 - 二硝基苯酚、高渗溶液、细胞内钙离子浓度升高以及由氧化氘制成的培养基都会导致顺行和逆行细胞器运输完全或部分受到抑制。当使用任何一种试剂抑制定向运输时，细胞器会呈现纵向振荡运动。对未用抑制剂处理的轴突以及运输部分或完全受到抑制的轴突中细胞器运动的可变或振荡成分进行分析，结果表明每种情况下主要频率成分相似。振荡运动主要频率的最大估计值为0.18±0.02赫兹。随着细胞器运输受到抑制，围绕平均速度的瞬时速度分布没有实质性改变。证据表明，显示定向运输的细胞器运动的可变成分与运输受到抑制的细胞器的振荡运动有关。
