Monoclonal antibodies to rabbit and pig zonae pellucidae distinguish species-specific and shared antigenic determinants.

Monoclonal antibodies against rabbit or porcine zonae pellucidae (ZP) demonstrate species-specific and shared antigenic determinants. In addition, these antibodies are used to characterize the biochemical nature of these determinants. All of six monoclonal antibodies developed against porcine ZP react with porcine but not with rabbit ZP. Only one of seven monoclonal antibodies developed against rabbit ZP cross-reacts with porcine ZP. None of these antibodies recognized antigens associated with other tissues tested. High-resolution, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) followed by immunoblotting was used to demonstrate that the cross-reactive antibody recognizes an antigenic determinant which is associated with the major low molecular weight glycoprotein of both the pig and rabbit ZP. Since this antibody recognizes all charge species of this glycoprotein, it is apparent that the antigenic determinant recognized by this antibody involves protein. Further studies demonstrate that proteolytic digestion of ZP will destroy the antigenic determinant while glycosidic digestion of ZP has no effect on antibody binding. Although polyclonal antibodies to this glycoprotein inhibit sperm from binding to the zona pellucida, this monoclonal antibody does not affect sperm binding. None of the species-specific antibodies recognize ZP glycoproteins following 2D-PAGE. This is a property typical of antibodies directed against conformational antigenic determinants. The presence of common as well as unique zona antigenic determinants could explain why ZP proteins induce heteroantibodies which result in infertility while alloimmunization has no effect on fertility.