Todd I P
Can J Surg. 1978 Jan;21(1):42-4.
At St. Mark's Hospital in London, England there has been a steady improvement over 20 years in the results of treatment of rectal cancer. The resectability rate has reached 95% and the overall operative mortality rate has declined to 2%. The corrected 5-year survival rate is about 70% for all who recover from the operation. It is unlikely that these figures can be bettered, so attention has been directed to the use of radiation therapy and adjuvant cytotoxic therapy, but so far no firm conclusions are possible on the benefits of either modality. In order to spare the patient a colostomy, local excision of the growth or the use of a transsphincteric approach can be considered, but few cases are suitable for either procedure or their more radical alternatives.
在英国伦敦的圣马克医院，20多年来直肠癌的治疗效果一直在稳步改善。切除率已达到95%，总体手术死亡率已降至2%。所有术后康复患者的校正5年生存率约为70%。这些数字不太可能再提高，因此人们的注意力已转向放射治疗和辅助细胞毒性治疗的应用，但到目前为止，对于这两种治疗方式的益处还无法得出确凿结论。为了避免患者进行结肠造口术，可以考虑对肿瘤进行局部切除或采用经括约肌入路，但适合这两种手术或其更激进替代方案的病例很少。
