Monoclonal antibody-directed phenotyping of cytochrome P-450-dependent aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase in mammalian tissues.

The distribution of cytochromes P-450 that catalyze aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase were studied with monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1-7-1 which completely inhibits these activities of a purified 3-methylcholanthrene-induced rat liver cytochrome P-450. The degree of inhibition by MAb 1-7-1 quantitatively assesses the contribution of different cytochromes P-450 in the liver, lung, and kidney microsomes from untreated, 3-methylcholanthrene- and phenobarbital (PB)-treated rats, mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters. Enzyme sensitivity to MAb 1-7-1 inhibition defines two types of cytochrome P-450 contributing to aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase. The MAb 1-7-1-sensitive cytochrome P-450 is a major contributor to aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in rat liver, lung, and kidney of 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats, C57BL/6 mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters; this type is also present in lesser amounts in the extrahepatic tissues of the control and PB-treated animals, and in the lungs of the relatively "noninducible" DBA/2 mice treated with 3-methylcholanthrene. This form however makes little or no contribution to liver aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase of control or PB-treated animals. 7-Ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase is also a function of both the MAb 1-7-1-sensitive and insensitive classes of cytochrome P-450. The ratio of the classes contributing to aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase differs in the various tissues and species and after inducer treatment. All of the 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity in guinea pigs and hamsters is a function of cytochromes P-450 different than the MAb 1-7-1-sensitive cytochrome P-450 responsible for aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. Thus, the MAb 1-7-1 antigenically defines the type of cytochromes P-450 contributing to each reaction. Cytochromes P-450 can be viewed as paradigmatic for enzyme systems in which the nature and amount of product is regulated by multiple isoenzymic forms. Analyses using monoclonal antibodies to specific isoenzymes may thus have broad application to a variety of other complex systems which are composed of multiple isoenzymes.