Berger A, Rosenberg N
Am Surg. 1983 Oct;49(10):551-3.
Two patients with chronic renal failure are presented who experienced thrombosis of an arteriovenous fistula not being used for hemodialysis at the time of occlusion. Preoperative subcutaneous heparin or intravenous dextran infusion, along with higher fluid allowances are recommended preventive considerations. Avoidance of malpositioning of the shunt extremity, intravenous infusion, and sphygmomanometry in the extremity with the fistula, are also advisable. The etiologic role of hypotension and low flow, whether as a complication of hemodialysis via another route, or resulting from unrelated surgery, is stressed.
本文介绍了两名慢性肾衰竭患者，他们在动静脉内瘘闭塞时，出现了未用于血液透析的动静脉内瘘血栓形成。建议术前皮下注射肝素或静脉输注右旋糖酐，并给予更高的液体摄入量作为预防性措施。避免分流肢体位置不当、在有内瘘的肢体进行静脉输液和血压测量也是可取的。强调了低血压和低血流量的病因作用，无论是作为通过另一条途径进行血液透析的并发症，还是由无关手术引起的。
