Folkow B, Karlström G, Nilsson H, Sjöblom N
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1984;6 Suppl 2:S280-8. doi: 10.1097/00005344-198406002-00002.
A survey is given of the various high-pressure precapillary vascular sections and of how they affect local and overall cardiovascular functions, with special emphasis put on the important "precapillary resistance vessels." The complex interactions between hemodynamic effects dependent on (a) vessel design, (b) transmural pressure, (c) "passive" wall distensibility, and (d) "active" smooth muscle responses are outlined in principle and experimentally illustrated with respect to systemic resistance control. Particular attention is devoted to the influence of the sympathetic vasoconstrictor fibers on precapillary vascular functions, concerning aspects such as speed, precision, range, and differentiation of the neurogenic effects, because these fibers represent the most powerful and widespread of the vascular control mechanisms involved in cardiovascular homeostasis. How these fibers in well-innervated vascular circuits can command up to the maximum contractile capacity of both the precapillary resistance and postcapillary capacitance vessels is illustrated, as well as the way in which these sets of vessels respond to even single nerve impulses with twitchlike, rapid contractions.
本文综述了各种高压毛细血管前血管段及其对局部和整体心血管功能的影响，特别强调了重要的“毛细血管前阻力血管”。原则上概述了取决于以下因素的血流动力学效应之间的复杂相互作用：（a）血管设计、（b）跨壁压力、（c）“被动”血管壁扩张性和（d）“主动”平滑肌反应，并通过实验说明了其对全身阻力控制的影响。特别关注交感缩血管纤维对毛细血管前血管功能的影响，涉及神经源性效应的速度、精度、范围和分化等方面，因为这些纤维代表了参与心血管稳态的最强大和分布最广的血管控制机制。文中说明了在神经支配良好的血管回路中，这些纤维如何能够使毛细血管前阻力血管和毛细血管后容量血管达到最大收缩能力，以及这些血管组如何对单个神经冲动产生类似抽搐的快速收缩反应。
