Fraser A C
Lancet. 1976 Oct 23;2(7991):896-9. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90552-3.
32 pregnancies in 29 drug-addicted women were studied ouver eight years in one obstetric department working in close liaison with a drug dependency centre. Of the 24 pregnancies which came to term, only 10 were seen at the antenatal clinic before 22 weeks' gestation. 19 of the women were addicted to heroin or methadone or a mixture of both, 4 were taking soft drugs, and 1 was taking pethidine only. Labour commenced spontaneously in 17 pregnancies and was induced in 7. All labours lasted less than twenty hours. 23 infants survived. Those born to the mother taking pethidine and to 4 mothers who withdrew their drug of dependence four weeks before delivery showed no signs of narcotic withdrawal, but 13 out of 14 infants born to mothers taking heroin or methadone developed narcotic withdrawal syndrome. It is recommended that drug therapy during pregnancy in addicts should be supervised by a psychiatrist known to the patient and that oral methadone be substituted for heroin. Planned induction will ensure delivery in hospital, at the hospital which has supervised the pregnancy. Babies in danger of developing narcotic withdrawal syndrome should be observed in the special care baby unit for the first week of life.
在一个与戒毒中心密切合作的产科部门，对29名吸毒成瘾女性的32次怀孕情况进行了为期八年的研究。在24例足月分娩的妊娠中，只有10例在妊娠22周前到产前诊所就诊。19名女性对海洛因或美沙酮或两者的混合物成瘾，4名服用软性毒品，1名仅服用哌替啶。17例妊娠自然发动分娩，7例引产。所有分娩均持续不到20小时。23名婴儿存活。母亲服用哌替啶以及在分娩前四周戒除成瘾药物的4名母亲所生的婴儿未出现戒断症状，但服用海洛因或美沙酮的母亲所生的14名婴儿中有13名出现了戒断综合征。建议成瘾者孕期的药物治疗应由患者认识的精神科医生监督，并用口服美沙酮替代海洛因。计划引产将确保在监督孕期的医院住院分娩。有发生戒断综合征危险的婴儿应在新生儿重症监护室观察生命的第一周。
