Khurana C M, Deddish P A
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1983 Feb;11(2):125-33. doi: 10.1093/jac/11.2.125.
This study compared the effectiveness of treatment with various antibiotics in rabbits with experimental group B beta-haemolytic streptococcal meningitis. Groups of nine infected rabbits each received the following treatments intramuscularly, three times per day: (1) control--no treatment; (2) mezlocillin--400 mg/kg/day; (3) mezlocillin--400 mg/kg/day + gentamicin--15 mg/kg/day; (4) ampicillin--400 mg/kg/day; (5) ampicillin--400 mg/kg/day + gentamicin 15 mg/kg/day; (6) latamoxef (moxalactam)--100 mg/kg/day. Bacterial counts in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and drug levels in the serum and CSF were measured each hour for 7 h and at 24, 48 and 72 h after start of therapy. Percent penetration values (CSF concentration/serum concentration X 100) for the drugs were calculated and effectiveness of bacterial clearing from the CSF was determined. Over the 72 h period, the most effective therapy was mezlocillin + gentamicin, followed by ampicillin + gentamicin, mezlocillin, ampicillin and latamoxef in order of effectiveness in clearing bacteria from the CSF.
本研究比较了多种抗生素治疗实验性B组β溶血性链球菌脑膜炎家兔的疗效。将每组9只感染家兔每日3次肌肉注射下列药物：(1)对照组——不治疗；(2)美洛西林——400mg/kg/天；(3)美洛西林——400mg/kg/天+庆大霉素——15mg/kg/天；(4)氨苄西林——400mg/kg/天；(5)氨苄西林——400mg/kg/天+庆大霉素15mg/kg/天；(6)拉氧头孢（羟羧氧酰胺菌素）——100mg/kg/天。在治疗开始后的7小时内每小时以及在24、48和72小时测量脑脊液（CSF）中的细菌计数以及血清和脑脊液中的药物水平。计算药物的穿透百分率值（脑脊液浓度/血清浓度×100），并确定从脑脊液中清除细菌的疗效。在72小时期间，最有效的治疗方法是美洛西林+庆大霉素，其次是氨苄西林+庆大霉素、美洛西林、氨苄西林和拉氧头孢，按从脑脊液中清除细菌的疗效排序。
