Gordon-Salant S M, Wightman F L
J Acoust Soc Am. 1983 May;73(5):1756-65. doi: 10.1121/1.389400.
A triadic comparisons task and an identification task were used to evaluate normally hearing listeners' and hearing-impaired listeners' perceptions of synthetic CV stimuli in the presence of competition. The competing signals included multitalker babble, continuous speech spectrum noise, a CV masker, and a brief noise masker shaped to resemble the onset spectrum of the CV masker. All signals and maskers were presented monotically. Interference by competition was assessed by comparing Multidimensional Scaling solutions derived from each masking condition to that derived from the baseline (quiet) condition. Analysis of the effects of continuous maskers revealed that multitalker babble and continuous noise caused the same amount of change in performance, as compared to the baseline condition, for all listeners. CV masking changed performance significantly more than did brief noise masking, and the hearing-impaired listeners experienced more degradation in performance than normals. Finally, the velar CV maskers (g epsilon and k epsilon) caused significantly greater masking effects than the bilabial CV maskers (b epsilon and p epsilon), and were most resistant to masking by other competing stimuli. The results suggest that speech intelligibility difficulties in the presence of competing segments of speech are primarily attributable to phonetic interference rather than to spectral masking. Individual differences in hearing-impaired listeners' performances are also discussed.
使用三元比较任务和识别任务来评估正常听力听众和听力受损听众在存在竞争的情况下对合成CV刺激的感知。竞争信号包括多说话者嘈杂声、连续语音频谱噪声、一个CV掩蔽器以及一个形状类似于CV掩蔽器起始频谱的短噪声掩蔽器。所有信号和掩蔽器均以单声道呈现。通过将从每个掩蔽条件得出的多维标度解与从基线（安静）条件得出的解进行比较，来评估竞争的干扰。对连续掩蔽器效果的分析表明，与基线条件相比，多说话者嘈杂声和连续噪声对所有听众的表现造成的变化量相同。CV掩蔽比短噪声掩蔽对表现的改变显著更大，并且听力受损听众的表现比正常听众下降得更多。最后，软腭CV掩蔽器（/g ε/和/k ε/）比双唇CV掩蔽器（/b ε/和/p ε/）造成的掩蔽效果显著更大，并且对其他竞争刺激的掩蔽最具抗性。结果表明，在存在竞争性语音片段的情况下，语音可懂度困难主要归因于语音干扰而非频谱掩蔽。还讨论了听力受损听众表现中的个体差异。
