诺氟沙星与其他八种抗菌剂的体外抗菌活性比较。

In vitro antibacterial activity of norfloxacin compared with eight other antimicrobial agents.

作者信息

Body B A, Fromtling R A, Shadomy S, Shadomy H J

出版信息

Eur J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Jun;2(3):230-4. doi: 10.1007/BF02029523.

DOI:10.1007/BF02029523

Abstract

The antibacterial activity of norfloxacin, an organic acid structurally related to nalidixic acid, was compared with that of the oral cephalosporins cefaclor and cephalexin, and with that of nalidixic acid, cinoxacin, amikacin, ampicillin, trimethoprim alone and the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Agar dilution studies were performed with a total of 398 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria. Norfloxacin was found to be the most active drug studied against each of the different groups of organisms tested. MIC90 values for norfloxacin were as follows: Citrobacter spp., 2 micrograms/ml; Enterobacter spp., 0.13 micrograms/ml; Escherichia coli, 0.06 micrograms/ml; Klebsiella spp., 0.13 micrograms/ml; Proteus spp., 0.06 micrograms/ml; Salmonella spp., 1 microgram/ml; Serratia spp., 0.13 micrograms/ml; and Pseudomonas spp., 2 micrograms/ml. MIC90 values for the other drugs were 4 micrograms/ml or greater and many organisms were totally resistant to one or more of the other drugs (MIC greater than 128 micrograms/ml). Cross resistance between norfloxacin and the related drugs nalidixic acid and cinoxacin was not observed.

摘要

诺氟沙星是一种在结构上与萘啶酸相关的有机酸，其抗菌活性与口服头孢菌素类药物头孢克洛和头孢氨苄、萘啶酸、西诺沙星、阿米卡星、氨苄西林、单独使用的甲氧苄啶以及甲氧苄啶和磺胺甲恶唑的组合进行了比较。对总共398株革兰氏阴性菌临床分离株进行了琼脂稀释研究。结果发现，诺氟沙星是所研究的针对每种测试菌群最具活性的药物。诺氟沙星的MIC90值如下：柠檬酸杆菌属，2微克/毫升；肠杆菌属，0.13微克/毫升；大肠杆菌，0.06微克/毫升；克雷伯菌属，0.13微克/毫升；变形杆菌属，0.06微克/毫升；沙门菌属，1微克/毫升；沙雷菌属，0.13微克/毫升；假单胞菌属，2微克/毫升。其他药物的MIC90值为4微克/毫升或更高，许多菌株对一种或多种其他药物完全耐药（MIC大于128微克/毫升）。未观察到诺氟沙星与相关药物萘啶酸和西诺沙星之间的交叉耐药性。