Goudeau A, Dubois F, Geslin N, Pierre D
Dev Biol Stand. 1983;54:259-66.
An alum bivalent hepatitis B vaccine (HB vaccine) containing 5 micrograms/dose of formalin-inactivated and purified HBsAg has been used for active immunization of dialysis patients since the fall of 1975. Elderly patients had a weak and delayed response to three injections of HB vaccine. They were thus at risk of being infected by HBV before the completion of immunization. To prevent these early infections a four-way passive-active immunization trial was undertaken. Patients received three or four injections of HB vaccine in combination with one or two injections of hyper-immune anti-HBs globulin (HBIG). Results show that passive anti-HBs did not impair the immune response to the vaccine. Moreover, immediate administration of HBIG upon entry in the dialysis centre significantly reduced early-acquired chronic HBs antigenaemia as compared to a group of patients receiving the HB vaccine alone. Passive-active immunization can also be used for post-exposure prophylaxis after accidental inoculation of HBsAg blood (needle-stick) or for the prevention of mother-infant transmission of HBV in children born to HBsAg/HBeAg positive mothers.
一种每剂含5微克经福尔马林灭活和纯化的乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）的明矾佐剂双价乙肝疫苗（HB疫苗）自1975年秋季起用于透析患者的主动免疫。老年患者对三次注射HB疫苗的反应微弱且延迟。因此，他们在免疫完成前有感染乙肝病毒（HBV）的风险。为预防这些早期感染，开展了一项四联被动 - 主动免疫试验。患者接受三次或四次HB疫苗注射，并联合一次或两次高效价抗 - HBs球蛋白（HBIG）注射。结果表明，被动抗 - HBs并不损害对疫苗的免疫反应。此外，与仅接受HB疫苗的一组患者相比，在进入透析中心时立即给予HBIG可显著降低早期获得性慢性HBs抗原血症。被动 - 主动免疫还可用于意外接种HBsAg血液（针刺）后的暴露后预防，或用于预防HBsAg/HBeAg阳性母亲所生孩子的母婴HBV传播。
