Burke V, Gracey M
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1984 Sep;3(4):585-92.
Chlorpromazine or aspirin alone, when given to rats parenterally, reduced intestinal fluid secretion induced by cell-free preparations of enterotoxigenic organisms including Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium. A combination of chlorpromazine-aspirin given parenterally caused much more marked reduction of fluid secretion. Indomethacin also had significant antisecretory effects against a range of bacterial enterotoxins, while loperamide was effective against heat-labile toxin (LT)-positive E. coli and A. hydrophila. Nicotinamide increased net fluid absorption in the presence of E. coli LT, A. hydrophila, and S. typhimurium. Of the adsorbents tested, aluminum hydroxide showed a positive effect only with E. coli LT and A. hydrophila, while cholestyramine affected net fluid flux only with E. coli ST (heat-stable toxin). Charcoal was effective against all microorganisms tested but only when premixed with the perfusate before the experiments. Aspirin and chlorpromazine probably act at multiple sites to decrease intestinal secretion, and the combination of low doses of these drugs with possibly different sites of action may have advantages over a single agent used in high dosage.
单独给大鼠胃肠外注射氯丙嗪或阿司匹林，可减少由包括大肠杆菌、嗜水气单胞菌、化脓性葡萄球菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在内的产肠毒素微生物的无细胞制剂诱导的肠液分泌。胃肠外注射氯丙嗪 - 阿司匹林组合可更显著地减少肠液分泌。吲哚美辛对一系列细菌肠毒素也有显著的抗分泌作用，而洛哌丁胺对不耐热毒素（LT）阳性的大肠杆菌和嗜水气单胞菌有效。烟酰胺在存在大肠杆菌LT、嗜水气单胞菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的情况下可增加净液体吸收。在所测试的吸附剂中，氢氧化铝仅对大肠杆菌LT和嗜水气单胞菌有积极作用，而消胆胺仅对大肠杆菌ST（耐热毒素）影响净液体通量。木炭对所有测试的微生物都有效，但仅在实验前与灌注液预混合时有效。阿司匹林和氯丙嗪可能通过多个位点起作用以减少肠分泌，并且低剂量的这些药物与可能不同的作用位点的组合可能比高剂量使用单一药物具有优势。
