Koehler W J, Schomburg E D, Steffens H
J Physiol. 1984 Aug;353:187-97. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015331.
In high spinal paralysed cats electromyograms were recorded from nerves supplying lumbar back muscles (longissimus dorsi) and abdominal muscles (obliquus abdominis externus) during fictive locomotion induced by I.V. injection of nialamide and L-DOPA. Activity in nerves to hind-limb muscles was also recorded. During periods of stable 'locomotor' activity in the hind-limb nerves the efferents to the back and abdominal trunk muscles were generally also rhythmically active. Three different patterns of activity were observed. The predominant rhythmic pattern showed a synchronous activation of the efferents to the back and abdominal muscles of one side together with an activation of the hind-limb flexors of that side, alternating with activation of the efferents to the corresponding contralateral muscles. This pattern was very stable and could last for about 3 h. Such a pattern of activity would be expected during the alternate stepping characteristic of walking and trotting. The second type of rhythmic locomotor activity was characterized by a synchronous bilateral activation of the efferents to the back muscles, alternating with activation of the abdominal muscles on both sides. This pattern occurred only for short periods and appears to correspond to the activity during in-phase stepping such as occurs during a gallop. Beside these well co-ordinated patterns less well co-ordinated rhythmic activities were also observed. These included regular rhythmic activity which occurred independently in different muscle groups as well as irregular rhythmic activity with unstable phase relations between different muscle groups. The rhythmic locomotor activity in efferents to trunk and limb muscles could be modulated by afferent nerve stimulation and by hypoxia. The results reveal that the spinal cord deprived of its supraspinal and peripheral control may generate a variety of different locomotor patterns, which incorporate the trunk muscles in an apparently meaningful way.
在高位脊髓麻痹的猫身上，通过静脉注射尼亚酰胺和左旋多巴诱导产生虚构运动时，记录了供应腰背肌肉（背最长肌）和腹部肌肉（腹外斜肌）的神经的肌电图。还记录了支配后肢肌肉的神经活动。在后肢神经稳定的“运动”活动期间，支配背部和腹部躯干肌肉的传出神经通常也有节律地活动。观察到三种不同的活动模式。主要的节律模式表现为一侧背部和腹部肌肉的传出神经同步激活，同时该侧后肢屈肌也被激活，与对侧相应肌肉的传出神经激活交替出现。这种模式非常稳定，可以持续约3小时。在行走和小跑的交替踏步特征期间，预计会出现这种活动模式。第二种节律性运动活动的特点是背部肌肉的传出神经双侧同步激活，与两侧腹部肌肉的激活交替出现。这种模式只出现了很短的时间，似乎与疾驰等同相踏步期间的活动相对应。除了这些协调良好的模式外，还观察到了协调较差的节律性活动。这些活动包括在不同肌肉群中独立出现的规则节律活动，以及不同肌肉群之间相位关系不稳定的不规则节律活动。支配躯干和肢体肌肉的传出神经的节律性运动活动可以通过传入神经刺激和缺氧来调节。结果表明，失去了脊髓上和外周控制的脊髓可能会产生各种不同的运动模式，这些模式以一种明显有意义的方式纳入了躯干肌肉。
