Robles L J
Mech Ageing Dev. 1978 Jan;7(1):53-64. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(78)90052-0.
A few reports suggest that pigmented granules found in molluscan neurons accumulate with age as do lipofuscin granules in vertebrate cells; however, no reports on molluscan neurons include detailed descriptions of granule accumulation or histochemical tests to identify the pigment as lipofuscin-like. In this study light microscope observations of living ganglia from 1.7, 2.7, and 3.0 cm and larger (shell length) sized Bulla gouldiana showed an increasing accumulation of orange-red pigment in the perikaryon corresponding to increasing shell size (i.e. age). With the electron microscope similar results were obtained, and lipofuscin-like granules were seen in the nerve cell cytoplasm of veliger larvae and in all adult sized Bulla. Staining with Sudan black B, Nile blue, chrome alum hematoxylin, PAS reagents, and exposure of the neurons to u.v. light to observe subsequent autofluorescence, yielded positive results in the areas of pigmented granule accumulation. Thus, the brillant orange-red granules that accumulate with age in the peripheral cytoplasm of adult Bulla neurons, and which are probably also present in larval stages, chemically resemble the lipofuscin granules of vertebrates. Similarities and differences between molluscan pigmented granules and vertebrate lipofuscin granules, in relation to structure and mechanisms of development and accumulation, are discussed.
一些报告表明，软体动物神经元中发现的色素颗粒会随着年龄的增长而积累，就像脊椎动物细胞中的脂褐素颗粒一样；然而，关于软体动物神经元的报告中，没有一份对颗粒积累进行详细描述，也没有进行组织化学测试来确定该色素是否为类脂褐素。在本研究中，对壳长为1.7厘米、2.7厘米、3.0厘米及更大尺寸的古氏泡螺的活体神经节进行光学显微镜观察，结果显示，随着壳尺寸（即年龄）的增加，核周橙色至红色色素的积累也在增加。电子显微镜观察也得到了类似的结果，在担轮幼虫的神经细胞质以及所有成年尺寸的古氏泡螺中都发现了类脂褐素颗粒。用苏丹黑B、尼罗蓝、铬明矾苏木精、PAS试剂染色，以及将神经元暴露于紫外线下观察随后的自发荧光，在色素颗粒积累区域均得到了阳性结果。因此，成年古氏泡螺神经元外周细胞质中随着年龄增长而积累的亮橙红色颗粒，可能在幼虫阶段也存在，其化学性质类似于脊椎动物的脂褐素颗粒。本文还讨论了软体动物色素颗粒与脊椎动物脂褐素颗粒在结构、发育和积累机制方面的异同。
